Product line architecture recovery with outlier filtering in software families: the Apo-Games case study

Software product line (SPL) approach has been widely adopted to achieve systematic reuse in families of software products. Despite its benefits, developing an SPL from scratch requires high up-front investment. Because of that, organizations commonly create product variants with opportunistic reuse approaches (e.g., copy-and-paste or clone-and-own). However, maintenance and evolution of a large number of product variants is a challenging task. In this context, a family of products developed opportunistically is a good starting point to adopt SPLs, known as extractive approach for SPL adoption. One of the initial phases of the extractive approach is the recovery and definition of a product line architecture (PLA) based on existing software variants, to support variant derivation and also to allow the customization according to customers’ needs. The problem of defining a PLA from existing system variants is that some variants can become highly unrelated to their predecessors, known as outlier variants. The inclusion of outlier variants in the PLA recovery leads to additional effort and noise in the common structure and complicates architectural decisions. In this work, we present an automatic approach to identify and filter outlier variants during the recovery and definition of PLAs. Our approach identifies the minimum subset of cross-product architectural information for an effective PLA recovery. To evaluate our approach, we focus on real-world variants of the Apo-Games family. We recover a PLA taking as input 34 Apo-Game variants developed by using opportunistic reuse. The results provided evidence that our automatic approach is able to identify and filter outlier variants, allowing to eliminate exclusive packages and classes without removing the whole variant. We consider that the recovered PLA can help domain experts to take informed decisions to support SPL adoption.This research was partially funded by INES 2.0; CNPq grants 465614/2014-0 and 408356/2018-9; and FAPESB grants JCB0060/2016 and BOL2443/201

Impacto das subvenções públicas e incentivos fiscais sobre a viabilidade econômica da piscicultura do tambaqui na Região Metropolitana de Manaus (RMM).

O referido estudo visou investigar o perfil socioeconômico dos piscicultores da Região Metropolitana de Manaus ? RMM, no estado do Amazonas, identificando características do desenvolvimento da atividade e o impacto da alocação de recursos oriundos de subvenções públicas praticadas nos custos de produção e lucratividade dos empreendimentos. Para isso, foram entrevistados 93 piscicultores de terra firme na RMM, com empreendimentos previamente selecionados em banco de dados (dados secundários) disponibilizados pelo Órgão Estadual de Meio Ambiente. Impact of public subsidies and fiscal incentives on the economic viability of tambaqui fish farming in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus (MRM): Abstract This study aimed to investigate the socioeconomic profile of fish farmers in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus - MRM, in the state of Amazonas, identifying characteristics of the development of the activity and the impact of the allocation of resources from public subsidies practiced on the production costs and profitability of the enterprises

SPLMT-TE: a software product lines system test case tool

Atualmente a decisão de trabalhar, ou não, com Linhas de Produtos de Software (LPS) se tornou um requisito obrigatório para o planejamento estratégico das empresas que trabalham com domínio específico. LPS possibilita que as organizações alcancem reduções significativas nos custos de desenvolvimento e manutenção, melhorias quantitativas na produtividade, qualidade e satisfação do cliente. Por outro lado, os pontos negativos em adotar LPS são demanda extra de investimentos para criar os artefatos reusáveis, fazer mudana¸s organizacionais, etc. Além disso, teste é mais complicado e crítico em linhas de produtos do que em sistemas simples. Porém, continua sendo a forma mais efetiva para garantia de qualidade em LPS. Por isso, aprender a escolher as ferramentas certas para teste em LPS é um benefício que contribui pra redução de alguns desses problemas enfrentados pelas empresas. Apesar do crescente número de ferramentas disponíveis, teste em LPS ainda necessita de ferramentas que apoiem o nível de teste de sistema, gerenciando a variabilidade dos artefatos de teste. Neste contexto, este trabalho apresenta uma ferramenta de teste de linhas de produtos de software para construir testes de sistema a partir dos casos de uso que endereçam desafios para teste em LPS identificados na revisão literária. A ferramenta foi desenvolvida com o intuito de reduzir o esforço necessário para realizar as atividades de teste no ambiente de LPS. Além disso, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo exploratório sistemático que tem como objetivo investigar o estado da arte em relação a ferramentas de teste, sintetizando as evidências disponíveis e identificar lacunas entre as ferramentas, disponíveis na literatura. Este trabalho também apresenta um estudo experimental controlado para avaliar a eficácia da ferramenta propost

Los profesores de educación superior y la integración de la tecnología educativa

This paper presents an analysis about the obstacles that the teachers of universities present respect to the of educational technology´s integration. In a first phase there is a consideration about the changes made by the universities in their educational models, academic and administrative aspects and technological infrastructure as a result of advances in the Information Technology and Communication (ITC), as well as the actions that have been implemented in educational innovation. Secondly, we analyze the teacher´s resistance to the use of the information technology (IT) in higher education as a concern because of the need to integrate the information technology (IT) to the processes of teaching and learning. Additionally, it is explain the main factors that represent barriers for the teachers to get closer to the technology and to change their paradigm respect to the same. Finally, we explain some tactics to overcome resistance to change and the use of the information technology.Este trabajo presenta un análisis respecto a los obstáculos que presentan los profesores de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) frente a la integración de la tecnología educativa (TE). Primeramente se reflexiona sobre los cambios realizados por las IES en sus modelos educativos, en aspectos académicos, administrativos y de infraestructura tecnológica como resultado de los avances en la Tecnología de Información y Comunicación (TIC) así como las acciones que han implementado en materia de innovación educativa. Posteriormente se analiza la resistencia al uso de la TE en la educación superior por parte de los profesores como un tema que preocupa debido a la necesidad de integrar la TE a los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. Se explican los principales factores que se consideran representan barreras para que el profesor se acerque a la tecnología y modifique su paradigma respecto a la misma. Por último, se explican algunas tácticas que permiten superar las resistencias al cambio y al uso de la TE

Dense lamellar scaffold, biomimetically inspired, for reverse cardiac remodeling : effect of proanthocyanidins and glutaraldehyde

Regenerative medicine is an emerging field that aims in healing damaged tissue. The choice of the crosslinking agent is one of the most critical requirements for the development of three-dimensional scaffold devices. This study aimed to investigate the effects of proanthocyanidins (PA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) associated with plastic compression method on the properties of the dense lamellar. The physiomechanical and physical–chemical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated. The antioxidant activity was investigated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method; viability and proliferation cellular were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and imaging cytometer (H9c2 cells). The effect of the crosslinking agents modified the physiomechanical properties but did not modify the mucoadhesion properties. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold has the ability to bind water’s molecule and to reduce the space between polymeric chains. Proanthocyanidin-scaffold and GA scaffold showed, respectively, 44 and 17% of antioxidant activity. Both crosslinking agents did not influence the viability and proliferation of H9c2 cells. Considering the anisotropic structure, and the physiomechanical properties, cellular compatibility, and protective action against reactive oxygen species, this study may provide a way to improve the inverse modulation of heart tissue, after infarct acute of the myocardiumCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP425271/2016-113432-0/2018Postgraduate Support Program for Private Education Institution – Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (Prosup-Capes) with financial support for scholarship. CNPq.-Brazil: 425271/2016-1. FAPESP-Brazil 13432-0/2018. This work was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientıfico e Tecnologico; Coordenac¸~ao de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de Nıvel Superior; Fundac¸~ao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paul